Moreover, Polish industries face significant competition from lower-cost Chinese products. Given Poland’s critical role in the central and eastern European value chain, closely interconnected with the German economy, this growing dependency is weakening the competitiveness of German manufacturers and their Polish partners. As Chinese products con

In 2016, two years after Russia imposed an embargo on Polish apples, Xi Jinping arrived in Warsaw to seal a deal: the apples would find a new market in China. As Europe’s largest—and the world’s fourth-largest—apple producer, Poland saw hope in this pivot. A photo of Xi and President Andrzej Duda, smiling as they ate apples together from a

The study revealed that Israel is systematically absent as a source of information in the media landscape and that the “statistical narrative” of this conflict is predominantly defined by Hamas. Despite the exceptionally high public interest in the conflict, Israeli sources on casualty figures were mentioned in only 4 percent of all publication

Despite these challenges, Israel has achieved one of the lowest civilian-to-combatant casualty ratios in modern conflicts. Based on data from the IDF and Hamas, the civilian-to-combatant casualty ratio in Gaza stands at approximately 1.4 to 1. 5 This is low compared to past conflicts. For instance, a 2009 study by Adam Roberts revealed that during

of combatants, considering Hamas’ documented use of child soldiers. Further supporting this observation, a recent report in The Lancet—while arguing that Hamas’s numbers are an undercount—confirms the unreliability of the MOH lists and notes a similarly pronounced increase in fatalities among fighting-age males.2 Additionally, we found evid